*googles* Okay, so Philistines started out as just the enemies of the Israelites back in the Old Testament. But German students started using a form of it to refer to townspeople during town vs. gown disputes in Jena during the 1600s. And then Thomas Carlyle and Matthew Arnold popularized the word "philistine" in English to refer to an enemy of culture, since "Philistine" had been used as a humorous synonym for "enemy" in English already. So today, a Philistine is someone like Goliath, and a philistine is someone like a high schooler who doesn't see why he has to take literature classes.
Really, it's unfair to the Philistines.